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Pfeifer, Craig E. 
ORCID: 0000-0002-0635-4956, Beattie, Paul F, Sacko, Ryan S and Hand, Amy
(2018)
Risk factors associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review.
International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy, 13 (4).
pp. 575-587.
doi:10.26603/ijspt20180575
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Text (Final published version)
6993 Pfeifer (2018) Risk factors.pdf - Published Version Available under License All Rights Reserved. Download (2MB) | Preview |
Abstract
Background: With the increasing number of individuals participating in sports every year, injury - specifically anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury - remains an inherent risk factor for participants. The majority of ACL injuries occur from a non-contact mechanism, and there is a high physical and financial burden associated with injury. Understanding the risk factors for ACL injury may aid in the development of prevention efforts. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to synthesize and appraise existing literature for risk factors associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in both sexes. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted utilizing the MEDLINE database and The Cochrane library for articles available through February 2016. All titles and abstracts were reviewed and full text articles meeting eligibility criteria were assessed in detail to determine inclusion or exclusion. Articles reviewed in full text were reviewed for scientific evidence of risk factors for ACL injury. Results from studies were extracted and initially classified as either intrinsic or extrinsic risk factors, and then further categorized based upon the evidence presented in the studies meeting inclusion criteria. Data extracted from eligible studies included general study characteristics (study design, sample characteristics), methodology, and results for risk factors included. Results: Principal findings of this systematic review identified the following risk factors for ACL injury in both sexes: degrading weather conditions, decreased intercondylar notch index or width, increased lateral or posterior tibial plateau slope, decreased core and hip strength, and potential genetic influence. Conclusions: Neuromuscular and biomechanical risk factors may be addressed through neuromuscular preventative training programs. Though some extrinsic and other inherent physiological factors tend to be non-modifiable, attempts to improve upon those modifiable factors may lead to a decreased incidence of ACL injury. Level of Evidence: 2a. Key Words: anterior cruciate ligament, ACL, risk factor, injury, rupture.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Article Type: | Article |
| Additional Information: | Full published version available via PubMed Central, use the Repository link below. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Anterior cruciate ligament; ACL; Risk factor; Injury; Rupture |
| Related URLs: | |
| Subjects: | Q Science > QP Physiology > QP301.H75 Physiology. Sport R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC1200 Sports Medicine |
| Divisions: | Schools and Research Institutes > School of Education and Science |
| Research Priority Areas: | Health, Life Sciences, Sport and Wellbeing |
| Depositing User: | Craig Pfeifer |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jul 2019 13:09 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2023 09:08 |
| URI: | https://eprints.glos.ac.uk/id/eprint/6993 |
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